Towards centrality of the arts in CBC

As Kenya celebrates 60 years of independence, the education system finds itself at a pivotal moment of transformation with the implementation of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC).

This progressive educational framework offers a fresh perspective on nurturing young minds, aligning with the contemporary needs and aspirations of a rapidly evolving nation.

The CBC stands out not only for its focus on practical skills and competencies but also for its robust inclusion of humanities and the arts, which play a vital role in shaping well-rounded, innovative and culturally aware individuals.

At its core, the CBC is rooted in a philosophy that prioritises the development of competencies over rote learning. Unlike the prior curricula that tended to emphasise memorisation, this one focuses on equipping students with practical skills and abilities that are directly applicable to real-life scenarios.

This shift aligns with our broader developmental goals, encapsulated in Vision 2030, aiming to produce graduates who are not only knowledgeable but also adaptable, critical thinkers and problem solvers.

This educational philosophy is particularly significant in a country celebrating its six decades of self-rule and planning. It acknowledges that the future of Kenya depends on cultivating individuals who can thrive in a dynamic global environment.

By fostering skills such as creativity, collaboration and digital literacy, the new system of learning and teaching prepares students to meet the challenges of the 21st century while remaining grounded in their cultural and national identity.

One of the standout features of the CBC is its emphasis on the humanities and the arts. These disciplines are integral to the curriculum, reflecting a holistic approach to education that values both intellectual and emotional development.

By incorporating language education, literary studies and performing arts, the CBC ensures that students receive a balanced education that nurtures their creative and analytical skills.

Language is the foundation of communication and cognitive development. In the CBC framework, language education is not limited to learning to read and write; it encompasses the ability to express oneself effectively, appreciate diverse perspectives and engage with cultural narratives.

Through the study of both official languages and mother tongues, students gain a deeper understanding of their heritage and develop skills necessary for effective communication in a globalised world. This has been enhanced by the inclusion of foreign languages as a necessity.

The emphasis on multilingualism in the CBC promotes inclusivity and cultural appreciation. Students learn to navigate different linguistic contexts, fostering empathy and broadening their worldview. This competency is crucial in Kenya’s multicultural society, where effective communication across various linguistic and cultural groups is essential for social cohesion and national unity.

Literary studies are another critical component of the CBC, offering students the opportunity to engage with a wide range of texts and genres. This exposure to literature enriches students’ understanding of human experiences, societal issues and cultural contexts.

By analysing literary works from as early as Junior Secondary School level, students develop critical thinking and interpretive skills, enabling them to draw connections between literature and real-life situations.

The study of literature also encourages creativity and imagination. Students explore different narrative techniques, themes and styles, which can inspire their own creative endeavours. Moreover, literary education fosters a love for reading and writing, essential skills for academic success and personal enrichment.

The inclusion of visual and performing arts at the senior secondary school level highlights the importance of artistic expression in education. Drama, music and dance are not merely extracurricular activities but integral components of the curriculum that contribute to our children’s emotional and social development. Performing arts provide a platform for students to express themselves, collaborate with peers and engage with diverse cultural traditions.

Through participation in drama and music, students enhance their confidence, communication skills and teamwork abilities. These competencies are transferable to various aspects of life, including professional environments where creativity and collaboration are highly valued.

Additionally, performing arts education allows students to appreciate and preserve cultural heritage, reinforcing their connection to their roots while embracing innovation.

The integration of humanities and the arts within our new curriculum cultivates a range of competencies that are essential for personal and professional success.

Engagement with literature and performing arts encourages students to think critically and approach problems from multiple perspectives. Analysing complex texts and performing arts pieces helps students develop analytical skills and creative problem-solving abilities that are applicable in various contexts.

The arts, including literature and performance, provide students with opportunities to explore and express their emotions. This process fosters emotional intelligence and empathy, allowing students to connect with others’ experiences and perspectives, which is vital for effective interpersonal relationships and social harmony.

Exposure to diverse artistic forms stimulates creativity and innovation. By experimenting with different artistic mediums and techniques, students learn to think outside the box and approach challenges with originality. These skills are increasingly important in a world that values innovation and adaptability.

Studying local and global cultures through the humanities and arts helps students develop a strong sense of cultural identity, while appreciating the diversity of human experiences. This cultural awareness is crucial for fostering respect and understanding in a multicultural society.

While the new Competency-Based Curriculum in Kenya promises significant benefits, it also faces several challenges that need urgent attention. Key issues include the inadequacy of teacher training for the new curriculum demands, the lack of sufficient learning materials and the need for better infrastructure to support practical competencies.

These challenges highlight the necessity for more candid and continuous debate among all stakeholders — educators, parents, students and policymakers. To address these concerns effectively, the government and experts overseeing the CBC must create ample opportunities for public feedback and discussions.

This inclusive approach will ensure the curriculum evolves to meet the needs of all learners and fosters a more robust and equitable educational system.

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