Why obesity in children is a growing concern in India

Childhood obesity is rising in India, a matter of public health concern. Photograph used for representational purposes only
| Photo Credit: Getty Images

Childhood obesity is rising at an alarming rate worldwide, and India is no exception. A recent study highlights that the country is among the top nations globally, grappling with this issue. Sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and genetic factors contribute to this growing problem. But what does this mean for the future of children’s health?

To understand the epidemic, let us first look at the reasons. Why are more children becoming obese?

One major factor is unhealthy diet choices: the high intake of processed foods, sugary drinks and fast food. This is compounded by a lack of balanced, home-cooked meals, due to the busy schedules of adults in households.

The second factor is a lack of physical activity, made worse by increased screen time (TV, mobile phones, gaming) as well as limited outdoor play due to safety concerns and schools prioritising academics above sports.

The third factor is genetics and medical factors, which include a family history of obesity that increases the risk for children, and conditions like hypothyroidism and insulin resistance that can contribute to the problem.

What are the consequences?

This brings us to the consequences of childhood obesity, which are many. The foremost is physical health risks: children who are obese have a higher chance of developing diabetes, heart disease and hypertension at a young age. This apart, they have an increased risk of joint problems and early-onset puberty.

There is also psychological and social impact of obesity: obese children are more likely to experience low self-esteem and have an increased risk of depression and anxiety. They may also face bullying at school.

How can we prevent childhood obesity?

There are a number of ways we, as a society, can prevent childhood obesity. The most important role is that of parents and schools. Parents must encourage home-cooked, nutritious meals and reduce consumption of junk food. They must also make physical activities part of a child’s daily routine — be it sports, walking or yoga as a family activity.

Parents can also teach children to read food labels and make conscious choices between healthy and unhealthy foods. They can encourage children to participate in meal preparation and activities at home.

Schools, on their part, can introduce health awareness programmes. Mandating physical education in schools can go a long way. They can also conduct awareness programmes to promote healthy eating habits.

Routine health check-ups with a doctor to diagnose early obesity and intervene are crucial.

Childhood obesity is not just an individual issue—it is a public health concern. Addressing it early through education, policy changes, and lifestyle modifications is essential to prevent long-term health complications. Parents, schools, and the government must work together to create a healthier future for children.

(Dr. Pushkala M.S. is consultant paediatrician at Kauvery Hospital, Alwarpet. She can be reached at lakshmisundararajan@gmail.com)

Published – May 20, 2025 06:09 pm IST

_{Images are for reference only.Images and contents gathered automatic from google or 3rd party sources.All rights on the images and contents are with their legal original owners.}