It is the day of women and girls in science

There International Day of Women and Girls in Science performs 10 yearsbut there is a lot to do because they are still few girls who choose to study scientific subjects and, among the researcher, few they manage to do career.

Established in 2015 fromGeneral Assembly of the United Nations To promote access and participation in the world of science of women and girls, At that time The day had the‘objective Of increase the number of those who decided to enroll to a degree course in a discipline Stem (science, technology, engineering And mathematics) and to embark on the career of researcher. To ten years of distances thegender equality In this field it is still far away in the most countries of the world.

In Italygirls between 25 and 34 years old with a degree in the subjects Stemthey are only the 16.8%: less than half of the boys, who reach 37%, according to the data reported by Save the Children on the basis of the Istat 2024 report. Obstacles and stereotypes inevitably reflect on the world of work: among the Stem graduates Of 25-64 years, it disadvantage of women Compared to men in employment returns And very largeand to pay the highest price are those who work in theinformaticsin the’engineering and in thearchitectureto.

According to the report of the National Agency for the evaluation of the research (ANVU), in Italy, in the academic year 2021-2022 The girls enrolled in scientific degree courses were the 39.9%against 60.7% of boys.

However some signal of change there is: From 2011 to 2021 there was a increase rather significant in enrollments feminine, but above all the regions of Northwhile only male registrations increase in the South. The gap is then confirmed in the number of graduates in STEM subjects: the women 28,706 against 45,502 men.

They are gradually increasing also the women who undertake scientific careersalbeit with different rhythms according to the disciplines. According to Eurostat data, in Italy the share of women among the research doctors in computer engineering has passed since 17% in 2000 to 33% in 2020. The data provided by UNESCO, updated to 2019, indicate that the average global percentage of researcher He stands at the 33.3%. Another element of criticality concerns the salary gap still to be bridged: in the world the women gain 20% less on average of mena gap that in Italy is of the 15%.

But the examples To be inspired by for young people who want a scientific career, there are. Among the many, Eleonora Bianchi, researcher of the National Institute of Astrophysics, after important experiences gained abroad, has recently returned to our country thanks to a funding of 1.3 million euros by the Ministry of the University and Research , which will allow her to guide a project dedicated to the birth of the planets outside the Solar System. Or Angelica Fabrollo, who followed an academic path entirely oriented to the STEM disciplines and which is now a product manager in the international company Exprivia, where he has worked, among other things, to a telemedicine platform to improve efficiency and effectiveness of care.

The initiative in Italy

The initiatives of the National Institute of Astrophysics are concentrated on astronomy and space sciences, both in presence and online. It will be possible, for example, to chat with the researchers of the Astronomical Observatory of Rome, a more direct method of interaction designed precisely for Keep the barriers with the publicespecially the youngest one. The Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology of theINAF he will then organize a special direct social To celebrate the role of women in scientific research, in which 4 researchers will participate. But the events will not be concentrated only in Rome: in the Inf headquarters in Palermo, the ‘Astronomy at school’ project continues for the 4th consecutive year, in that of Genoa the film ‘Proxima’ will be screened, in Milan we will talk about the human spatial flight and a meeting will be held with researchers from the INAF and the National Institute of Nuclear Physics. The same INFN He is the protagonist of many initiatives throughout Italy, including projects aimed at students, debates and theatrical performances, such as the one dedicated to 4 scientists from the 1900s scheduled in Trieste. THE

ncontri with students are also scheduled for various institutes of the National Research Counciltogether with quiz games on chemistry and visits to the workshops, while ENEA, together with other bodies and universities, participates in the event ‘Whoever wants to be Stem is’: an opportunity aimed at pupils of middle and high schools in Rome And Frascati dedicated in particular to gender stereotypes. Also for the day of 11 February, the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology has a thematic king on Facebook and Instagram, and also L‘National Metrological Research Institute He will publish a video on his social channels in which four researchers will tell their experiences, with the aim of inspiring young people to take scientific paths.

The universities will also be at the center of the day: from the University of Bergamo with the rating event to the theme of the gender gap in the STEMs, at the Polytechnic University of the Marche, with a seminar on the evolution of women’s rights and the most common stereotypes that hinder their path, from Polytechnic of Bari who tells female his department of mathematical and management mechanics, at the University of Brescia which proposes a show to stimulate interest in scientific disciplines. And then again: the meetings and workshops organized by the University of Milan, aimed at sensitizing young people on the importance of science as a tool for personal and social growth, the testimony of researchers and researchers of the University of Florence, the meeting between students and teachers on the presence of women in the STEM organized by the University of Rome Tor Vergata, and the special moment dedicated to women in science scheduled at the University of Milan-Bicocca.

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I am a journalist with over 6 years of experience working in the news industry. I currently work as an author for Global Happenings, and my coverage focuses on Technology news. I have written for various publications, including Reuters, The New York Times and The Guardian.

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