India overtakes Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy – Read details

India has officially surpassed Japan to become the world’s fourth-largest economy, marking a shift in global economic power. According to the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) data, India has a projected Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 4.187 billion dollars for FY 2025-26, edging out Japan’s estimated $4,186.431 billion. This leap positions India closer to the top three—US, China, and Germany.

Which are the world’s top 10 largest economies?

India is not just the most populous country in the world, but also the fastest-growing major economy. According to the IMF report, India’s nominal Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is projected at $4.19 trillion in 2025. “We are the fourth largest economy as I speak. We are a USD 4 trillion economy as I speak, and this is not my data. This is IMF data. India today is larger than Japan,” NITI Aayog’s Chief Executive Officer BVR Subrahmanyam told the media.

Back in 2014, India was the tenth-largest economy in the world. Since then, a combination of economic reforms, a thriving services sector, and strong domestic consumption has helped the country steadily rise in global rankings.

Subrahmanyam also said that India may also go past Germany and become the third-largest economy in the world. “If we stick to, you know, what is being planned, what is being thought through, it’s a matter of another 2, 2.5 to 3 years; we would become the third largest economy.”

India’s per capita income has also improved. In 2013–14, it stood at around $1,438 and by 2025, it has nearly doubled to $2,880. However, India ranks 144th in the world in GDP per capita. This is much lower than many smaller countries. For comparison, the top three countries with the highest income per person are: Luxembourg: $141,080, Switzerland: $111,716 and Ireland: $107,243.

Meanwhile, the US remains the world’s largest economy in 2025, with a nominal GDP exceeding $30 trillion. The country continues to dominate in innovation and entrepreneurship, with the presence of companies like Apple, Microsoft, and Google.

China, at $19.23 trillion, is the second-largest economy, driven by strong manufacturing, exports, and increasing domestic consumption.

At $4.74 trillion, Germany remains Europe’s largest economy. On the fifth spot is Japan, with a GDP at current prices of $4.19 trillion. Despite slipping one place this year, Japan remains a technological powerhouse.

Following Japan is the United Kingdom, which holds the sixth position with a GDP of $3.84 trillion. In seventh place is France, with its economy valued at $3.21 trillion. France enjoys a diversified economy with strengths in manufacturing, tourism, and pharmaceuticals.

Next is Italy, taking the eighth spot with a GDP of $2.42 trillion. Italy’s economy thrives on luxury exports and tourism. Canada comes in ninth, with a current GDP of $2.23 trillion. Known for its natural resources, Canada benefits from strong energy and mining sectors.

Rounding up the top ten is Brazil, with a GDP of $2.13 trillion. As Latin America’s largest economy, Brazil depends heavily on agriculture, mining, and oil exports.

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