Multiple Sclerosis: Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment cost in India

World Multiple Sclerosis Day is observed on May 30 every year globally to raise awareness about the chronic disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. The day aims to support people living with this condition and advocate for better healthcare access, diagnosis and treatment.

Cases in India and the world

According to The Lancet, India recorded around 1.06 lakh cases of multiple sclerosis in 2019, with an estimated 2,310 deaths.

“While MS is still considered rare in India, we’re now seeing a shift toward moderate prevalence,” Dr M V Padma told Business Standard. “Currently, an estimated 150,000 to 200,000 people live with MS in India, most of them women between 20 and 40 years old.”

As of now, 20.9 lakh people are suffering from multiple sclerosis worldwide. The theme of World Multiple Sclerosis Day 2025 is “Navigating MS Together.”

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease that affects the central nervous system. It happens when the immune system attacks the protective covering (called myelin) of the nerves. This makes it hard for the brain to send signals to the rest of the body.

Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms

The symptoms could be different for each person. Early signs include fatigue, muscle weakness or numbness, vision problems, problems with speech or swallowing, bowel difficulties and unstable mood.

Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is made through a combination of medical tests. It includes MRI, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, blood tests and evoked potential tests.

Multiple Sclerosis Treatment

Some of the treatments include disease-modifying therapies, relapse management, ayurveda, physiotherapy, homoeopathy and high-efficacy infusion-based therapies (HETs).

According to Dr Padma, “HETs are particularly effective and should not be reserved for later stages. Starting them early can significantly improve long-term outcomes,” She further said that Ayurveda focuses on lifestyle regulation and herbal formulations for managing symptoms.

Dr Mohandas from KIMS Hospital told Business Standard that physiotherapy plays a crucial role in maintaining mobility, strength, and independence.

Multiple Sclerosis in India: Cost

The cost of treatment for multiple sclerosis varies in India. According to Ortil International, it ranges from ₹ 17.2 lakh to ₹21 lakh.

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