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ISLAMABAD:
The industrial sector of Pakistan, once the backbone of the nation’s economy, represents untapped potential that could drive economic growth, create jobs and enhance global competitiveness. It is high time to focus on it.
With strategic interventions focused on small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the light engineering sector and agro-industrial opportunities, Pakistan can optimise its industrial output and improve economic resilience. SMEs constitute over 90% of Pakistan’s enterprises and contribute significantly to the gross domestic product (GDP) and employment. Yet, they often struggle due to the lack of resources, technology and infrastructure. Harnessing the potential of SMEs requires a multi-dimensional approach.
One of the primary barriers to SMEs is the limited access to financial resources. The government and financial institutions should enhance the availability of microfinance programmes and loans tailored for the SMEs, develop collateral-free loan schemes and guarantee funds for risk sharing, simplify the application processes for funding and improve awareness of financing options. T
raining programmes to build entrepreneurial and technical skills are essential. The government can establish SME training centres for capacity building in management, production and marketing and partner with international organisations for expertise exchange and innovation-driven workshops.
Technological advancement can help the SMEs compete in the global market. Initiatives could include subsidised access to machinery and equipment for modernisation and creation of technology clusters where the SMEs can share resources. Simplified regulations encourage growth. Steps include streamlining registration and compliance processes and implementing tax reforms to reduce the burden on small businesses.
The light engineering sector holds immense potential for manufacturing value-added products such as automotive parts, electrical goods and machinery. This sector is crucial for export growth and domestic industrialisation. A robust infrastructure can foster innovation and production.
Strategies to consider include establishing specialised industrial estates and parks for light engineering industries and ensuring reliable energy supplies and transportation networks to reduce operational costs. Investing in R&D can drive product innovation and quality improvement. The government could offer grants and incentives for industry-led R&D and develop partnerships between universities and industries for collaborative projects.
Expanding exports can boost sectoral growth. This entails supporting participation in international trade fairs and exhibitions and providing guidance on compliance with international standards and certifications. Technical training programmes are essential for workforce readiness. Steps include vocational training institutions to teach advanced engineering techniques and collaboration with industry leaders to align training with market needs.
Pakistan’s agricultural base offers unique opportunities for agro-industrial development, including food processing, packaging and export of value-added products. This sector can improve rural livelihoods and diversify industrial output. Investments in agro-industries can tap rural potential by establishing food processing zones and cold storage facilities and encouraging fruit, vegetable and dairy product manufacturing for exports.
Sustainability in agro-industrial practices adds value by introducing eco-friendly packaging and waste-reduction technologies and developing water-efficient practices for agro-industrial processes. Strong market linkages drive profitability. The government can create digital platforms to connect farmers and industries directly and facilitate export channels for processed agricultural products.
Pakistan’s agro-industrial sector can thrive in international markets by developing branding strategies to highlight “Made in Pakistan” products and providing subsidies for certification and market research. For sustainable industrial growth, comprehensive policy reforms are critical.
The government must revitalise the National Industrial Strategy – a roadmap that aligns industrial priorities with national goals, enhances public-private partnerships and collaborations to address funding, training and innovation gaps and strengthens industrial laws, protecting intellectual property rights and fostering fair competition. Innovation and technology are at the heart of modern industrial growth.
Pakistan can embrace digital transformation by leveraging AI and IoT in manufacturing processes, which include innovation hubs – spaces for startups and SMEs to experiment and innovate – and automation for efficiency in production. Transparent and efficient governance bolsters investor confidence. Key steps include anti-corruption measures to improve industrial practices and streamlining bureaucratic processes for industrial operations.
A skilled workforce is the foundation for industrial success. Pakistan can improve access to quality education and vocational training and partner with global institutions for skill enhancement programmes. The industrial sector holds vast potential, awaiting strategic initiatives to harness it fully. Strengthening SMEs, boosting the light engineering sector and unlocking the agro-industrial domain offer a pathway to sustainable economic growth.
With the right mix of policy interventions, technological advancements and human capital development, Pakistan can emerge as a robust industrial economy, transforming challenges into opportunities.
The writer is an international economist
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