Scientists discover two new crocodile species in the Yucatan Peninsula

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A team of scientists has discovered two new crocodile species in Mexico, specifically on the island of Cozumel and the Banco Chinchorro atoll, located off the Yucatán Peninsula.

This discovery, published in the journal “Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution,” challenges what was known about the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) and underscores the urgent need to protect these vulnerable populations.

The newly identified species live in small, isolated groups, each with fewer than 1,000 reproductive-age individuals.

Although their populations currently appear stable, their limited numbers and increasing urban development pressure on the coasts of Yucatán and Quintana Roo place them at high risk.

“Biodiversity is disappearing faster than we can study it,” warned biologist Hans Larsson, a researcher at McGill University and leader of the study.

Using genetic analysis, scientists compared specimens from Cozumel and Banco Chinchorro with crocodiles from the Caribbean, Central America, and the Mexican Pacific.

The results showed significant differences, confirming that these were not simple variants of the American crocodile, but distinct, yet-to-be-classified species.
José Ávila-Cervantes, lead author of the study, explained: “We assumed that Crocodylus acutus was a single species throughout the region. This study changes that perspective and demonstrates the importance of investigating genetic diversity.”

The discovery reinforces the urgency of protecting Yucatán’s coastal and marine habitats. Experts are calling for limiting urban development in critical areas and establishing specific conservation programs for these new species.

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